When it comes to innovation and thinking outside of the box, Tour Edge has quietly become a leader. This comes via their willingness to be different while also acknowledging the trends and evolution of designs as time has gone on. However, their PGA Tour Champions relationships have been just as, if not more, critical in their growth and success via the wealth of knowledge and feedback it has given them from some of the best to ever play this game we all love so much. Time to dive in a bit deeper with our Tour Edge Exotics Wingman Wedges review.
The latest example of all those worlds colliding is Tour Edge releasing their new Wingman wedge designs under the Exotics umbrella. It goes without saying, we have never seen anything quite like this from the company before, and in my opinion, that proves to be a very good thing.
Quick Take
While we have seen high-toe type designs done aplenty, the application of not only offset into the Tour Edge Exotics Wingman wedges, but also their VIBRCOR material has lead to one of the most playable and enjoyable wedges out there. The Wingman offers a blend of precision and versatility which rivals any other on the market right now, not to mention, a quality that will turn misinformed opinions of the brand upside down forevermore.
Tour Edge Exotics Wingman Wedges
While the naming is a bit of a mouthful, I am not entirely sure that people are ready for the level of eye candy that Tour Edge has brought with this one. When I first learned about the Wingman release and saw the same images you did, I will admit, I was underwhelmed. You would think by now I would know better than to doubt this brand, but one more lesson was apparently needed on my end. Upon unboxing the 56 F/S and 60 S/D wedges I was smacked directly in the face with the best finish and attention to detail I have seen to this point from Tour Edge Exotics in any non metalwood.
Right away, the satin finish is one of the cleanest of any wedge design on the market, not only eliminating any concern of glare on the slightly larger face, but also allowing a plethora of milling to shine through. Forged from 8620 Carbon Steel, the Wingman shaping is certainly unique, but the precision milling marks on the sole absolutely pop while the high-toe weight pad balances the look of the VIBRCOR pockets towards the bottom of the clubhead.
That very VIBRCOR is a key element of the design, allowing more weight to be shifted via the milled pockets for which the material sits. That weight has gone to the overall perimeter as well as the “Milled High-Toe Pad” which was done to move the CG both away from the hosel as well as higher in the clubhead to bring down the launch and increase spin. Thankfully, Tour Edge recognized that this needed to be varied based on the different lofts to dial things in rather than implementing a blanket design.
It is all brought together in an offset design which came about via the mind of the companies most notable Tour staff member, the legendary Bernhard Langer. This is both a nod to some of the most legendary wedge designs of the past, as well as Bernhard believing that the offset allows golfers to get their hands more forward without having to force it, a fatal sin for many in their short games. In all, there is 3 mm of offset in each head.
Performance Rundown
By now, some of you are rightfully asking: But do they perform? Well, for me, the answer to that is an emphatic ‘yes’. While on a personal level I do wish they had gone a little easier on all the engraving, these look as premium as anything else out there when you get them in hand, and probably better than most when in the bag. It absolutely took me a bit to acclimate to the offset look at address, but it immediately reminded me of my youth and being introduced to the game with an old Eye 2 wedge of my fathers. It was at that moment when I stopped pressing, literally stopped pressing my hands in the swing, and simply let the clubs work, the simple intelligence of the concept shined through.
Whether it was full swings, or partial swings, as you will see in the Foresight powered data sets for both the 56 F/S and 60 S/D that I worked with, it was when I got out of the way and stopped forcing things that the Wingman wedges had their best performance. The natural flight for me on full swings was repeatable but I found myself still able to manipulate it despite the Dynamic Gold 115 shaft not being a great fit for my swing. Moreover, in the 60 degree I saw the thicker high-toe wight pad go to work with a flatter look than I expected given the offset.
Although I only had two of the three grind options in hand, it was enough for me to be confident in saying that Tour Edge did well in their simplification into three different choices. Both the F/S and S/D did precisely what their claimed design intended, and that is enough for me to believe that the M/N would be much the same. What was most surprising for me in this realm was the 12.0 degree bounce 60 S/D showing much more versatility than I anticipated, specifically on tighter lies. Both continued the trend I saw with the offset in that getting out of their way and trusting the design is when it shined most.
Personally, my favorite aspect of the Wingman wedges is the sound/feel. Tour Edge’s VIBRCOR remains a criminally under discussed TPU application among all manufacturers at the moment, but the implementation into these wedges is top-tier. There is a rich, dense, thumpy nature to the wedges from all lies and shot types that just screams “soft”. However, there was at the same time no loss of feedback as it pertained to strike location. Not to mention, the decision to implement adjustable weighting between the VIBRCOR to alter swing weight is a fitting dream. It is standard 5g but other weights will be available for purchase (2.5, 7.5, 10.5, 12.5). This is an absolute game changer in the design for Tour Edge.
The Wingman Wedges Review Details
In all, these are wedges that merit being on golfers short lists to at least try before coming to their own conclusions. Yes, the offset is an odd duck of sorts among the current market, but I would remind you some of the most successful wedges of the last 5 years, let alone of all-time, utilize it too. More than anything though, the versatility, feel, and attention to detail are as good as it gets.
These are the most complete wedges we have ever seen from Tour Edge Exotics. They are priced at $139.99 and available in RH only with loft options from 50 to 60 degrees across the three grind options. All options are available now at www.touredge.com.
Nice review and gotta say that wedge changes my perception of them. May have to look closer.
Had a chip in with the 52 yesterday, believe it’s the 3rd in the last week. It continues to be the workhorse wedge in the bag for me. 56 still doesn’t feel 100% dialed but Shot Scope says it’s equal or better than the 60 degree it replaced.
[QUOTE=”Jman, post: 11916052, member: 1579″]
Leaving these in the bag for a while, even though I already wrote a review on them for the homepage, they still really do intrigue me. I never expected to enjoy them as much as I am.
[/QUOTE]
This says as much or more to me about them as your review did, and the review said a lot of good things.
[QUOTE=”hartman29, post: 11936604, member: 19952″]
This says as much or more to me about them as your review did, and the review said a lot of good things.
[/QUOTE]
I’m having a lot of fun with them to be honest, more than I expected. I would like to flip flop the grinds I have, but I can’t deny the performance I’m seeing.
Swapped out the stock shafts for Recoil 110s this past week. I play graphite in everything else and those shafts have been pretty faithful in my wedges the last 2 seasons. Going to graphite brings out more softness which I expect will feel even better on grass next time, whenever that is.
The one thing that still doesn’t seem to be 100% working for me is how much thicker the 56 S/D grind plays for me. I included a pic below that hopefully conveys it. Messing around tonight on my SigPro Softy and firmer stance mat, I found myself preferring the way the 52 sat for open faced shots vs the 56. The 56 S/D does really protect against my worst wedge miss (chunking 1/2-full shots off soggy/soft turf), but I’m not sure it’s quite versatile enough for it to be the last wedge in my back like I’m attempting for it to be. It’ll get it’s fair shot again in the spring, but I might keep an eye out for a 56 in one of the other grinds to try against it.
[ATTACH type=”full”]9224372[/ATTACH]
I am infatuated with these still.
The three-release system I’m working on just plays SO well with them and the offset really seems to just make me more comfortable through the wedge shots and allows me to NOT pull the hands which is the death for many golfers in the short game.
Plus, I still come back to the feel. SO thumpy.
The Wingman wedges are very good.
I agree with [USER=61852]@willplaysgolf[/USER] that If you have a tendency to chunk your wedges the S/D grind will really help you. Does your course have fluffy bunkers or soft and mushy ground? The S/D grind is your new friend.
Conversely if you never dig and struggle with wedges that have too much bounce, then the F/S grind is excellent. Does your course have firm and crusty bunkers or bare hard pan lies? The F/S grind will save the day.
I wish I could also have tried the M/N grind because that is the one that fits me best and what I really need.
But, I really wanted to explore the ends of the bounce/grind spectrum to satisfy my curiosity. Mission accomplished! Being a part of TEEm Tour Edge allowed me to do that.
[QUOTE=”Browndog, post: 11942325, member: 63834″]
The Wingman wedges are very good.
I agree with [USER=61852]@willplaysgolf[/USER] that If you have a tendency to chunk your wedges the S/D grind will really help you. Does your course have fluffy bunkers or soft and mushy ground? The S/D grind is your new friend.
Conversely if you never dig and struggle with wedges that have too much bounce, then the F/S grind is excellent. Does your course have firm and crusty bunkers or bare hard pan lies? The F/S grind will save the day.
I wish I could also have tried the M/N grind because that is the one that fits me best and what I really need.
But, I really wanted to explore the ends of the bounce/grind spectrum to satisfy my curiosity. Mission accomplished! Being a part of TEEm Tour Edge allowed me to do that.
[/QUOTE]
I’ve found a lot of success with both off of tight lies and hardpan as well, the key though is not being afraid to engage the bounce even on those lies. I’ve hit some doozies off of ground like asphalt with that beautifully beefy sole haha
Here are my last few entries in the other Wingman Wedge thread. I pulled the stock shafts, replacing them with Recoil 95s, which made a nice difference for me, as I haven’t had any steel shafts in the bag in at least five or six years.
[QUOTE=”OldeDude, post: 11897515, member: 49557″]
A really interesting day with the Wingman wedges today. Full swings were great, the shaft change made a real positive difference in feel, and my distances are much closer to what I would normally expect.
The 56* M/N was absolute money from greenside bunkers. I ended up finding five of them, and had some of my best bunker play ever. I normally use my 60* for greenside bunkers, but it looks like this 56* might have taken over that job.
On the other side of the coin my chipping with the 50* S/D was terrible. My 50* wedge has always been my go to club for chipping, and with a high degree of confidence, but I’m just not doing well at all with this one. Hopefully I can work this out, because it can make a big difference having real confidence in one club for chipping, and I’m missing that right now.
[/QUOTE]
[QUOTE=”OldeDude, post: 11930027, member: 49557″]
I got another round in with the Wingman Wedges yesterday, at a course I haven’t played in a long time, and a good one for the wedge game. Several full swing shots with the 50* and 56*, and plenty of work with them around the greens. Some tricky areas around several of the greens called for more than just the go-to chip shots, but conditions around the greens were just about ideal, and both wedges provided all I could ask for in versatility, feel, and performance. (y)
I’ll be playing my home course tomorrow, and I’m hoping I can follow up yesterday’s short game performance with another good outing.
[/QUOTE]
[QUOTE=”OldeDude, post: 11941894, member: 49557″]
Another great day with the Wingman Wedges the other day. Played my home course in wet conditions, it was maybe the last day of CPO before letting everyone back off the paths, so wet but not sloppy. I’m not sure if I’m just finding the groove with these wedges, or if they just excel in these conditions, but this is two rounds in a row where my wedge game has been about as good as I can do. Chipping has definitely come around with the 50*, with two near chip-ins (one lipped out, the other hung on the edge), and the 56* is becoming a really confident club from green side bunkers.
Anyone that can get a chance should really give these a try, I’m pretty sure you will come away very impressed.
[/QUOTE]
I am thinking about trying these. 56* is the highest loft I carry and that’s where I would start. I am thinking the neutral grind in that loft for versatility and if I like it I would go with the soft\digger grind in 52* for mainly full shots without opening up the face.
Thoughts?
[QUOTE=”badolds, post: 11943564, member: 47579″]
I am thinking about trying these. 56* is the highest loft I carry and that’s where I would start. I am thinking the neutral grind in that loft for versatility and if I like it I would go with the soft\digger grind in 52* for mainly full shots without opening up the face.
Thoughts?
[/QUOTE]
With the description of those grinds does it suit how your current wedge setup and game is or are you looking for them to correct it in those areas.
I know when I picked my 2 grinds I was absolutely struggling with digging on some full and partial wedge shots as well as having a generally steep attack to the ball.
I saw these in person this weekend and they look good. They are different enough to stand out but not so much so where they are off putting.
Sim booked for Saturday, will try to get full side by sides against the TAIII wedges.
[QUOTE=”kiwichris, post: 11944206, member: 57426″]
With the description of those grinds does it suit how your current wedge setup and game is or are you looking for them to correct it in those areas.
I know when I picked my 2 grinds I was absolutely struggling with digging on some full and partial wedge shots as well as having a generally steep attack to the ball.
[/QUOTE]
I have a steep attack into the ball and struggle with fat partial and full wedge shots. I try to bump and run whenever possible unless the shot demands it. I use a 52* or even my gap wedge a lot around the greens. The digger grind seems best suited for me but in the 56* slot I am worried about opening up the face and bunker performance.
[QUOTE=”badolds, post: 11948405, member: 47579″]
I have a steep attack into the ball and struggle with fat partial and full wedge shots. I try to bump and run whenever possible unless the shot demands it. I use a 52* or even my gap wedge a lot around the greens. The digger grind seems best suited for me but in the 56* slot I am worried about opening up the face and bunker performance.
[/QUOTE]
I have both the 52* and 56* in S/D grind, and I’m finding myself wanting just a little bit more versatility out of the 56* than what the S/D offers. More so on fairway lies than bunkers.
Different course today, very good but different conditions, and same great results with the Wingman Wedges. Full swings, chipping, and greenside bunkers, all very confidence inspiring. The feel is so good on pretty much all shots, and for me it’s even better with the Recoil 95 shafts.
[ATTACH type=”full”]9224989[/ATTACH][ATTACH type=”full”]9224990[/ATTACH][ATTACH type=”full”]9224991[/ATTACH]These are impressive in hand.
[QUOTE=”Thrillbilly Jim, post: 11951056, member: 50607″]
[ATTACH type=”full” alt=”IMG_0964.jpeg”]9224989[/ATTACH][ATTACH type=”full” alt=”IMG_0965.jpeg”]9224990[/ATTACH][ATTACH type=”full” alt=”IMG_0966.jpeg”]9224991[/ATTACH]These are impressive in hand.
[/QUOTE]
The offset doesn’t look off-putting in your last picture either.
Fun post here:
[MEDIA=instagram]C0PwsxBOWGh[/MEDIA]
Finally got some side by side numbers for these today, clean up the data & drop in here for peoples to see & comment.
Uneekor overhead monitor, indoor with Kirkland Signature ball.
[QUOTE=”hartman29, post: 11952679, member: 19952″]
The offset doesn’t look off-putting in your last picture either.
[/QUOTE]
It’s not.
[ATTACH type=”full”]9225969[/ATTACH]
[QUOTE=”willplaysgolf, post: 11952764, member: 61852″]
Fun post here:
[MEDIA=instagram]C0PwsxBOWGh[/MEDIA]
[/QUOTE]
TE kicks ass, that’s very cool
These are pretty nice looking wedges. Offset isn’t bad at all
[QUOTE=”Jman, post: 11962265, member: 1579″]
It’s not.
[ATTACH type=”full” alt=”IMG_4806.jpeg”]9225969[/ATTACH]
[/QUOTE]
Wow, looks like there’s barely any there.
Had another chip in with the 52* today and burned an edge on another call me. It’s been an absolute weapon for me around the greens
[QUOTE=”willplaysgolf, post: 12005851, member: 61852″]
Had another chip in with the 52* today and burned an edge on another call me. It’s been an absolute weapon for me around the greens
[/QUOTE]
Nice! They really are damn good. Tour Edge is rolling right now.
It’s been a while since I’ve posted here, just the time of year where I don’t get out to play as much. I did get a round in earlier this week, and the Wingman Wedges were definitely the stars of the day.
The 56* M/N continues to really make my bunker game look better than I would usually expect from any club other than my 60*, with me ending up in a ridiculous five green side bunkers on the front-9, but with great results getting out of all of them. The 56* Wingman is really starting to replace my 60* for bunker play. My playing partners even mentioned that maybe I’d be better off just going for the bunkers instead of shooting for the greens.
The 50* S/D is starting to be my go-to chipping club around the greens, which was one big concern for me for a while, as my 50* wedge has always been my preferred weapon around the greens, and it has taken me a while to get my confidence with this one.
I use both for full swings, and they’ve both been great, especially since I put the Recoil shafts in them. Anything around 100 yards I’ll go after it with the 56*, and for 110 – 115 yards I’ll go to the 50*. Shorter shots, say 50 – 80 yards, really is a case-by-case decision. With the right lie I’ll go after the longer end of that range with a full swing 60*, but otherwise I’m getting pretty confident hitting partial shots with either one of the Wingman Wedges.
These look pretty good! The styling, milling, and even slight offset remind me of the Hi-Toe wedge. The “Wingman” name kinda confuses me with the wedge series, especially since it is already on the putter, but that is a minor gripe.
I’m curious to try these out and see the forgiveness, as that is an aggressive, almost cavity-like cut line out of the back of the wedge, and it looks like they really pushed a lot of weight out toward the toe.
The wedge looks very premium for the $140 price tag, but I think tour edge could rework the badging IMO. It’s actually an improvement from some previous lines, but I think aesthetics could propel this line and tech further. (That may seem blunt, but I’m a TE guy and I wish the looks rivaled Mizuno/ Titleist etc)
Also, I game the 722 irons and vibrcor is legit, it makes way too much sense to throw it in wedges, and I bet these feel fantastic.
I picked up a 56* F/S grind to try vs. the S/D grind I originally went with. Here’s a couple pics comparing the 2 (S/D has the custom ferrule):
[ATTACH type=”full”]9231915[/ATTACH]
[ATTACH type=”full”]9231917[/ATTACH]
Also interestingly the undercut isn’t as deep on the F/S grind
[ATTACH type=”full”]9231919[/ATTACH]
[QUOTE=”willplaysgolf, post: 12020269, member: 61852″]
Also interestingly the undercut isn’t as deep on the F/S grind
[ATTACH type=”full” alt=”7011F40C-CE9F-42BD-981F-8FC3640F4ACF.jpeg”]9231919[/ATTACH]
[/QUOTE]
Nice photo, those two soles have greater differences than I would have expected, and I never even thought about the cutout in the back being different between versions.
[QUOTE=”OldeDude, post: 12020415, member: 49557″]
Nice photo, those two soles have greater differences than I would have expected, and I never even thought about the cutout in the back being different between versions.
[/QUOTE]
There is a big difference between the three grinds. Enough to fit anyone’s needs in my opinion.
Have you ever tried a golf club of one of your buddies and hit it so well that you had to have it?
Well that happened to my friend Paul that was visiting this past weekend.
We played golf on Friday and Saturday and I cobbled together a set of clubs for him to play with that included the Tour Edge Wingman 54 degree wedge that I had reviewed and a like new Tour Edge XCG7 Driver.
The Wingman Wedge fit him like a glove. It was remarkable how well he hit that club. Both full swings and around the green.
The Driver was set up with a little more loft and an upright lie angle with a shaft that was an inch or so shorter than standard. It counteracted his slice and gave him a much a higher ball flight with more carry yardage.
He’s going home with both of them. Plus a pair of golf shoes that I lent him that never fit me that well.
Great to have he and his wife here and look forward to seeing them again this summer when we are at our college reunion together.
The Wingman wedges are still working really well for me. I played a round a couple of weeks ago on a pretty wet course, came up short on the first par-5, had about 30 yds to a middle pin, hit the 50* S/D to about six inches. A little later, on the par-3 12th, I missed the green left, nasty lie in pretty deep rough, about 40 – 45 feet from the pin, needed to get it uphill over a little ridge, then downhill with a big left to right break to the hole, and chipped it in with the 56* M/N. [B]THESE WEDGES ARE SO GOOD!!![/B]
Man, totally forgot to come in here and update.
Started the rebuild on these wedges, so far completed the 56* S/D with Rapid Taper 105 S+. Tipped to 8 iron and swing weighted to as close to D4 as I could get with my rough Golfworks measuring machine. Took an 8gm tip weight, probably should’ve put a 9 but close enough on the rough measure without epoxy.
Simulator session on Saturday and warmed up with it and I was hitting it so easily and with minimal R or L side spin. Consistent yardage and backspin as well. Ended up.in the skills challenge and this became the 120yd club where I was within +/- 5 yards or better.
60* S/D arrives today, this one ordered 2* upright and getting pulled apart immediately and rebuilt to 56* specs with shaft and SW.
50* as well but that will have the standard wedge tipping for the RT.
Barring winning something I expect the Wingmans will be in the bag this year. Switching from S/D to F/S in the 56 has been just what the doctor ordered. 52 S/D is still my favorite club around the greens. Only thing I’m pondering is loft setup. I switched to 44* – 48* – 52* – 56* to try to 1) wean myself off of using a 60* all the time and 2) to have a better (on paper) wedge matrix. I’ve mostly been on the sim but not sure the tighter gaps are strictly necessary, so I’m pondering removing the 48* and going 44* – 50* – 56* and free up another spot in the bag. If I did that I’d go S/D again in the 50*.
60* came in, reshafted & rebuilt with Xcaliber Rapid Taper 105 tipped as 8i & swingweighted out as close to D4 as I could get.
Few swings yesterday on the sim, solid 100yd club it seems, & ball impact on the face is super consistent.
This one was ordered 2* upright to see if it will help and definitely strike consistency has improved but I’ll have to figure out how to adjust my swing to bring it fully to the middle.
First outdoor hitting with these today in their new format with the graphite shafts.
Still off mats here in Colorado but full swings are so easy. Lie angles are definitely needing to be more upright on the 50* & 56* to sort out strike patter in comparison to the 60* plus want to bend the 56* to 55* for better gapping.
Love the feel off the face, solid, good feedback. Looking forward to taking them at full swings into greens to see how they perform tomorrow.
Went to the practice green and was playing with the 60* & 56* for short, fluffy rough lies you get here in Colorado and it’s either the fact I haven’t played golf for so long or testament to how good these are but 2 out of 3 were inside 3ft everytime. Spin was good, ability to pop the ball and check or flight it low and run it out is super easy.
Again, forgot to come in and update the thread after my round with these.
First outdoor, real world round with the new build of these including the 60* matching S/D grind, all in graphite.
High winds (solid 15-20mph all day) but I’m very happy with these. The grind cannot fix my stupid laziness when trying to hit a rushed stick it close for a birdie chance and go clean under the ball instead of taking my time and making sure I hit it.
I like how these sit behind the ball, they’re larger than my previous wedges in shape when looking down (Sub70 TAIII) and that could be visually due to the finish and the higher toe design but they’re definitely more confidence inspiring. Spin is great, feel is solid and feedback is really nice. If the weights weren’t so bloody expensive per weight I’d really want to play around with that to properly dial these in.
Looking forward to 2024 with these in the bag.
When I first picked the 56 S/D grind, it was for conditions like I have now where everything is a little sloppy. I found the S/D sole wasn’t really my cup of tea when I needed to open up the face a little bit, so I switched to the F/S grind. I figured I’d be giving up some of the forgiveness when it was soggy, but I’m actually finding that even though it’s low bounce there is a ton of sole you can use when you need to.
I also hit it out of a bunker today for the first time and felt like the sole worked through the sand nicely.
Have to clean this in the hopes we don’t have too much snow Friday & we get out Saturday morning.
I saw these in person. They are unique at address for sure, but in a good way. I really felt instant comfort with the shape and offset.
I wish my game was as good as these wedges.
Thankfully only one shank, one close to a shank that ended up being a 2ft par save.
These are so good at address, the feel is so good when cleanly hit.
I wish TEE didn’t price the weights so high to make the fine tuning affordable.
I really need to see these in hand, love my 723’s and like the exs pro wedges, Does anyone have a comparison of these wedges to th exs pro’s?
I think I’m going to stick with my current wedge setup for the year. The two Wingman wedges, 50* S/D and 56* M/N (bent to 55*), have definitely earned their spots, and although I was considering picking up a 60* Wingman to finish the set, I just can’t convince myself to take my current 60* out of play to try something else.
[QUOTE=”OldeDude, post: 12265933, member: 49557″]
I think I’m going to stick with my current wedge setup for the year. The two Wingman wedges, 50* S/D and 56* M/N (bent to 55*), have definitely earned their spots, and although I was considering picking up a 60* Wingman to finish the set, I just can’t convince myself to take my current 60* out of play to try something else.
[/QUOTE]
I am not regretting making the 2 into 3 with adding the 60* Wingman, been practicing around the green chipping with it recently as well as more full swings on the course, can’t fault it.
[QUOTE=”kiwichris, post: 12266462, member: 57426″]
I am not regretting making the 2 into 3 with adding the 60* Wingman, been practicing around the green chipping with it recently as well as more full swings on the course, can’t fault it.
[/QUOTE]
I was really planning on adding a Wingman 60*, but I’m still using a 60* Cleveland Tour Rack that I got to test for THP a while back, built to my specs, and I just can’t let that one go yet. It might be one that I end up wearing the grooves off of it before I finally replace it.
The “S/D” grind has me super excited and intrigued, as a digger, I need all the help I can get while taking too large of divots!
[QUOTE=”IceyShanks, post: 12318665, member: 2200″]
The “S/D” grind has me super excited and intrigued, as a digger, I need all the help I can get while taking too large of divots!
[/QUOTE]
They’re absolutely fantastic wedges